MicroRNA-363-3p (miR-363-3p), reportedly, exhibits a tumor-suppressive role in human malignancies. Herein, our research was designed to further explain the functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-363-3p in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). With in vitro models, this study found that miR-363-3p was markedly under-expressed in CRC tissues and cells, and its overexpression suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, and promoted cell apoptosis, whereas inhibiting miR-363-3p expression exhibited an opposite role. Additionally, aurora kinase A (AURKA), capable of counteracting the impacts of miR-363-3p on malignant biological behaviors of CRC cells, was identified as a direct target of miR-363-3p. Besides, miR-363-3p was sponged by long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5), which suppressed miR-363-3p expression. This research shows that SNHG5/miR-363-3p/AURKA axis partakes in CRC progression.