Tubulin beta 8 class VIII (TUBB8) is a special beta-tubulin isotype that mainly expressed in primate oocytes and early embryos and identified as the disease-causing gene of human oocyte maturation arrest. To identify the disease-causing genes in 2 patients with female infertility due to large polar body oocyte or fertilization failure, whole-exome sequencing was performed on the patients and available family members. We identified a novel heterozygous missense mutation c.817C>G (p.L273V) and a recently reported heterozygous missense mutation c.608A>G (p.D203G) in TUBB8 from two patients, respectively. We found oocyte with a large polar body in the patient who carried the p.D203G mutation in TUBB8. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these two mutations are harmful. The results of western blot and RT-PCR experiments showed that the D203G mutation caused a significant decrease in the expression of TUBB8, and immunostaining showed that the TUBB8 mutation caused abnormal microtubule morphology. These findings suggest that TUBB8 mutations resulted in oocyte with a large polar body and fertilization failure in patients.