Purpose: Cancer survivorship starts at diagnosis. Transition readiness is an important indicator for pediatric cancer survivors to move from pediatric to adult medical care. Appropriate measurement of transition readiness can facilitate better cancer survivorship. This study aimed to translate and validate of the English version of the TRANSITION-Q into Chinese. Design and methods: The translation followed the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) best-practice guidelines for the translation and cultural adaptation of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM). A cross-psychometric testing on reliability and validity were conducted from a convenient sample of Chinese adolescent cancer survivors aged 10-19 years. Results: Two hundred seventy-one pediatric cancer patients were recruited for the psychometric validation. The 14-item Chinese TRANSITION-Q demonstrated adequate reliability. In exploratory factorial analyses and confirmatory factor analysis, a two-factor structure emerged with a variance of 54.78%, demonstrating construct validity. Convergent validity test showed TRANSITION-Q score was significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy (r = -0.84, p = 0.002). The known-group validity demonstrated the older group (age >= 14 years) had a significantly higher mean TRANSITION-Q score than the younger group (age < 14 years) (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The Chinese version of the TRANSITION-Q is reliable and valid and can be used in Chinese research and clinical settings. Implications for practice: This scale can be used in Chinese clinical and research settings to investigate understanding of transition readiness in Chinese pediatric cancer survivors. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.